procedural-3d-engine/textoverlay/textoverlay.cpp

/*
* Vulkan Example - Text overlay rendering on-top of an existing scene using a separate render pass
*
* Copyright (C) 2016 by Sascha Willems - www.saschawillems.de
*
* This code is licensed under the MIT license (MIT) (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>

#define GLM_FORCE_RADIANS
#define GLM_FORCE_DEPTH_ZERO_TO_ONE
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_inverse.hpp>

#include <vulkan/vulkan.h>

#include "vulkanexamplebase.h"
#include "vulkandevice.hpp"
#include "vulkanbuffer.hpp"
#include "VulkanModel.hpp"
#include "VulkanTexture.hpp"

#include "../external/stb/stb_font_consolas_24_latin1.inl"

#define VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID 0
#define ENABLE_VALIDATION false

// Defines for the STB font used
// STB font files can be found at http://nothings.org/stb/font/
#define STB_FONT_NAME stb_font_consolas_24_latin1
#define STB_FONT_WIDTH STB_FONT_consolas_24_latin1_BITMAP_WIDTH
#define STB_FONT_HEIGHT STB_FONT_consolas_24_latin1_BITMAP_HEIGHT 
#define STB_FIRST_CHAR STB_FONT_consolas_24_latin1_FIRST_CHAR
#define STB_NUM_CHARS STB_FONT_consolas_24_latin1_NUM_CHARS

// Max. number of chars the text overlay buffer can hold
#define TEXTOVERLAY_MAX_CHAR_COUNT 2048

// Mostly self-contained text overlay class
class TextOverlay
{
private:
	vk::VulkanDevice *vulkanDevice;

	VkQueue queue;
	VkFormat colorFormat;
	VkFormat depthFormat;

	uint32_t *frameBufferWidth;
	uint32_t *frameBufferHeight;

	VkSampler sampler;
	VkImage image;
	VkImageView view;
	VkBuffer buffer;
	VkDeviceMemory memory;
	VkDeviceMemory imageMemory;
	VkDescriptorPool descriptorPool;
	VkDescriptorSetLayout descriptorSetLayout;
	VkDescriptorSet descriptorSet;
	VkPipelineLayout pipelineLayout;
	VkPipelineCache pipelineCache;
	VkPipeline pipeline;
	VkRenderPass renderPass;
	VkCommandPool commandPool;
	std::vector<VkCommandBuffer> cmdBuffers;
	std::vector<VkFramebuffer*> frameBuffers;
	std::vector<VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo> shaderStages;

	// Pointer to mapped vertex buffer
	glm::vec4 *mapped = nullptr;

	stb_fontchar stbFontData[STB_NUM_CHARS];
	uint32_t numLetters;
public:

	enum TextAlign { alignLeft, alignCenter, alignRight };

	bool visible = true;

	TextOverlay(
		vk::VulkanDevice *vulkanDevice,
		VkQueue queue,
		std::vector<VkFramebuffer> &framebuffers,
		VkFormat colorformat,
		VkFormat depthformat,
		uint32_t *framebufferwidth,
		uint32_t *framebufferheight,
		std::vector<VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo> shaderstages)
	{
		this->vulkanDevice = vulkanDevice;
		this->queue = queue;
		this->colorFormat = colorformat;
		this->depthFormat = depthformat;

		this->frameBuffers.resize(framebuffers.size());
		for (uint32_t i = 0; i < framebuffers.size(); i++)
		{
			this->frameBuffers[i] = &framebuffers[i];
		}

		this->shaderStages = shaderstages;

		this->frameBufferWidth = framebufferwidth;
		this->frameBufferHeight = framebufferheight;

		cmdBuffers.resize(framebuffers.size());
		prepareResources();
		prepareRenderPass();
		preparePipeline();
	}

	~TextOverlay()
	{
		// Free up all Vulkan resources requested by the text overlay
		vkDestroySampler(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, sampler, nullptr);
		vkDestroyImage(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, image, nullptr);
		vkDestroyImageView(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, view, nullptr);
		vkDestroyBuffer(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, buffer, nullptr);
		vkFreeMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, memory, nullptr);
		vkFreeMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, imageMemory, nullptr);
		vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, descriptorSetLayout, nullptr);
		vkDestroyDescriptorPool(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, descriptorPool, nullptr);
		vkDestroyPipelineLayout(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, pipelineLayout, nullptr);
		vkDestroyPipelineCache(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, pipelineCache, nullptr);
		vkDestroyPipeline(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, pipeline, nullptr);
		vkDestroyRenderPass(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, renderPass, nullptr);
		vkDestroyCommandPool(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, commandPool, nullptr);
	}

	// Prepare all vulkan resources required to render the font
	// The text overlay uses separate resources for descriptors (pool, sets, layouts), pipelines and command buffers
	void prepareResources()
	{
		static unsigned char font24pixels[STB_FONT_HEIGHT][STB_FONT_WIDTH];
		STB_FONT_NAME(stbFontData, font24pixels, STB_FONT_HEIGHT);

		// Command buffer

		// Pool
		VkCommandPoolCreateInfo cmdPoolInfo = {};
		cmdPoolInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO;
		cmdPoolInfo.queueFamilyIndex = vulkanDevice->queueFamilyIndices.graphics;
		cmdPoolInfo.flags = VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT;
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateCommandPool(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &cmdPoolInfo, nullptr, &commandPool));

		VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo cmdBufAllocateInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::commandBufferAllocateInfo(
				commandPool,
				VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY,
				(uint32_t)cmdBuffers.size());

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateCommandBuffers(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &cmdBufAllocateInfo, cmdBuffers.data()));

		// Vertex buffer
		VkDeviceSize bufferSize = TEXTOVERLAY_MAX_CHAR_COUNT * sizeof(glm::vec4);

		VkBufferCreateInfo bufferInfo = vkTools::initializers::bufferCreateInfo(VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT, bufferSize);
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateBuffer(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &bufferInfo, nullptr, &buffer));

		VkMemoryRequirements memReqs;
		VkMemoryAllocateInfo allocInfo = vkTools::initializers::memoryAllocateInfo();

		vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, buffer, &memReqs);
		allocInfo.allocationSize = memReqs.size;
		allocInfo.memoryTypeIndex = vulkanDevice->getMemoryType(memReqs.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT);

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &allocInfo, nullptr, &memory));
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkBindBufferMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, buffer, memory, 0));

		// Font texture
		VkImageCreateInfo imageInfo = vkTools::initializers::imageCreateInfo();
		imageInfo.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D;
		imageInfo.format = VK_FORMAT_R8_UNORM;
		imageInfo.extent.width = STB_FONT_WIDTH;
		imageInfo.extent.height = STB_FONT_HEIGHT;
		imageInfo.extent.depth = 1;
		imageInfo.mipLevels = 1;
		imageInfo.arrayLayers = 1;
		imageInfo.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
		imageInfo.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL;
		imageInfo.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT;
		imageInfo.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
		imageInfo.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateImage(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &imageInfo, nullptr, &image));

		vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, image, &memReqs);
		allocInfo.allocationSize = memReqs.size;
		allocInfo.memoryTypeIndex = vulkanDevice->getMemoryType(memReqs.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT);

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &allocInfo, nullptr, &imageMemory));
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkBindImageMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, image, imageMemory, 0));

		// Staging

		struct {
			VkDeviceMemory memory;
			VkBuffer buffer;
		} stagingBuffer;

		VkBufferCreateInfo bufferCreateInfo = vkTools::initializers::bufferCreateInfo();
		bufferCreateInfo.size = allocInfo.allocationSize;
		bufferCreateInfo.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT;
		bufferCreateInfo.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateBuffer(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &bufferCreateInfo, nullptr, &stagingBuffer.buffer));

		// Get memory requirements for the staging buffer (alignment, memory type bits)
		vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, stagingBuffer.buffer, &memReqs);

		allocInfo.allocationSize = memReqs.size;
		// Get memory type index for a host visible buffer
		allocInfo.memoryTypeIndex = vulkanDevice->getMemoryType(memReqs.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT);

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &allocInfo, nullptr, &stagingBuffer.memory));
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkBindBufferMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, stagingBuffer.buffer, stagingBuffer.memory, 0));

		uint8_t *data;
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkMapMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, stagingBuffer.memory, 0, allocInfo.allocationSize, 0, (void **)&data));
		// Size of the font texture is WIDTH * HEIGHT * 1 byte (only one channel)
		memcpy(data, &font24pixels[0][0], STB_FONT_WIDTH * STB_FONT_HEIGHT);
		vkUnmapMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, stagingBuffer.memory);

		// Copy to image

		VkCommandBuffer copyCmd;
		cmdBufAllocateInfo.commandBufferCount = 1;
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateCommandBuffers(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &cmdBufAllocateInfo, &copyCmd));
	
		VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cmdBufInfo = vkTools::initializers::commandBufferBeginInfo();
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkBeginCommandBuffer(copyCmd, &cmdBufInfo));

		// Prepare for transfer
		vkTools::setImageLayout(
			copyCmd,
			image,
			VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
			VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED,
			VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL);

		VkBufferImageCopy bufferCopyRegion = {};
		bufferCopyRegion.imageSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
		bufferCopyRegion.imageSubresource.mipLevel = 0;
		bufferCopyRegion.imageSubresource.layerCount = 1;
		bufferCopyRegion.imageExtent.width = STB_FONT_WIDTH;
		bufferCopyRegion.imageExtent.height = STB_FONT_HEIGHT;
		bufferCopyRegion.imageExtent.depth = 1;

		vkCmdCopyBufferToImage(
			copyCmd,
			stagingBuffer.buffer,
			image,
			VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL,
			1,
			&bufferCopyRegion
			);

		// Prepare for shader read
		vkTools::setImageLayout(
			copyCmd,
			image,
			VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
			VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL,
			VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL);

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkEndCommandBuffer(copyCmd));

		VkSubmitInfo submitInfo = vkTools::initializers::submitInfo();
		submitInfo.commandBufferCount = 1;
		submitInfo.pCommandBuffers = &copyCmd;

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkQueueSubmit(queue, 1, &submitInfo, VK_NULL_HANDLE));
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkQueueWaitIdle(queue));

		vkFreeCommandBuffers(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, commandPool, 1, &copyCmd);
		vkFreeMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, stagingBuffer.memory, nullptr);
		vkDestroyBuffer(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, stagingBuffer.buffer, nullptr);

		VkImageViewCreateInfo imageViewInfo = vkTools::initializers::imageViewCreateInfo();
		imageViewInfo.image = image;
		imageViewInfo.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D;
		imageViewInfo.format = imageInfo.format;
		imageViewInfo.components = { VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_R, VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_G, VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_B,	VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_A };
		imageViewInfo.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 };
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateImageView(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &imageViewInfo, nullptr, &view));

		// Sampler
		VkSamplerCreateInfo samplerInfo = vkTools::initializers::samplerCreateInfo();
		samplerInfo.magFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
		samplerInfo.minFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
		samplerInfo.mipmapMode = VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_LINEAR;
		samplerInfo.addressModeU = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_REPEAT;
		samplerInfo.addressModeV = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_REPEAT;
		samplerInfo.addressModeW = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_REPEAT;
		samplerInfo.mipLodBias = 0.0f;
		samplerInfo.compareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_NEVER;
		samplerInfo.minLod = 0.0f;
		samplerInfo.maxLod = 1.0f;
		samplerInfo.borderColor = VK_BORDER_COLOR_FLOAT_OPAQUE_WHITE;
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateSampler(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &samplerInfo, nullptr, &sampler));

		// Descriptor
		// Font uses a separate descriptor pool
		std::array<VkDescriptorPoolSize, 1> poolSizes;
		poolSizes[0] = vkTools::initializers::descriptorPoolSize(VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 1);

		VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo descriptorPoolInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorPoolCreateInfo(
				static_cast<uint32_t>(poolSizes.size()),
				poolSizes.data(),
				1);

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateDescriptorPool(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &descriptorPoolInfo, nullptr, &descriptorPool));

		// Descriptor set layout
		std::array<VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding, 1> setLayoutBindings;
		setLayoutBindings[0] = vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutBinding(VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT, 0);

		VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo descriptorSetLayoutInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo(
				setLayoutBindings.data(),
				static_cast<uint32_t>(setLayoutBindings.size()));
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &descriptorSetLayoutInfo, nullptr, &descriptorSetLayout));

		// Pipeline layout
		VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo pipelineLayoutInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineLayoutCreateInfo(
				&descriptorSetLayout,
				1);
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreatePipelineLayout(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &pipelineLayoutInfo, nullptr, &pipelineLayout));

		// Descriptor set
		VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo descriptorSetAllocInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetAllocateInfo(
				descriptorPool,
				&descriptorSetLayout,
				1);

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateDescriptorSets(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &descriptorSetAllocInfo, &descriptorSet));

		VkDescriptorImageInfo texDescriptor =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorImageInfo(
				sampler,
				view,
				VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

		std::array<VkWriteDescriptorSet, 1> writeDescriptorSets;
		writeDescriptorSets[0] = vkTools::initializers::writeDescriptorSet(descriptorSet, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 0, &texDescriptor);
		vkUpdateDescriptorSets(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, static_cast<uint32_t>(writeDescriptorSets.size()), writeDescriptorSets.data(), 0, NULL);

		// Pipeline cache
		VkPipelineCacheCreateInfo pipelineCacheCreateInfo = {};
		pipelineCacheCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_CACHE_CREATE_INFO;
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreatePipelineCache(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &pipelineCacheCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelineCache));
	}

	// Prepare a separate pipeline for the font rendering decoupled from the main application
	void preparePipeline()
	{
		VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo inputAssemblyState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo(
				VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_STRIP,
				0,
				VK_FALSE);

		VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rasterizationState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo(
				VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL,
				VK_CULL_MODE_BACK_BIT,
				VK_FRONT_FACE_CLOCKWISE,
				0);

		// Enable blending
		VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState blendAttachmentState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineColorBlendAttachmentState(0xf, VK_TRUE);

		blendAttachmentState.srcColorBlendFactor = VK_BLEND_FACTOR_ONE;
		blendAttachmentState.dstColorBlendFactor = VK_BLEND_FACTOR_ONE;
		blendAttachmentState.colorBlendOp = VK_BLEND_OP_ADD;
		blendAttachmentState.srcAlphaBlendFactor = VK_BLEND_FACTOR_ONE;
		blendAttachmentState.dstAlphaBlendFactor = VK_BLEND_FACTOR_ONE;
		blendAttachmentState.alphaBlendOp = VK_BLEND_OP_ADD;
		blendAttachmentState.colorWriteMask = VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_R_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_G_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_B_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_A_BIT;

		VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo colorBlendState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo(
				1,
				&blendAttachmentState);

		VkPipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo depthStencilState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo(
				VK_TRUE,
				VK_TRUE,
				VK_COMPARE_OP_LESS_OR_EQUAL);

		VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo viewportState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineViewportStateCreateInfo(1, 1, 0);

		VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisampleState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo(
				VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
				0);

		std::vector<VkDynamicState> dynamicStateEnables = {
			VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_VIEWPORT,
			VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_SCISSOR
		};

		VkPipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo dynamicState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo(
				dynamicStateEnables.data(),
				static_cast<uint32_t>(dynamicStateEnables.size()),
				0);

		std::array<VkVertexInputBindingDescription, 2> vertexBindings = {};
		vertexBindings[0] = vkTools::initializers::vertexInputBindingDescription(0, sizeof(glm::vec4), VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX);
		vertexBindings[1] = vkTools::initializers::vertexInputBindingDescription(1, sizeof(glm::vec4), VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX);

		std::array<VkVertexInputAttributeDescription, 2> vertexAttribs = {};
		// Position
		vertexAttribs[0] = vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(0, 0, VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT, 0);
		// UV
		vertexAttribs[1] = vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(1, 1, VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT, sizeof(glm::vec2));

		VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo inputState = vkTools::initializers::pipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo();
		inputState.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(vertexBindings.size());
		inputState.pVertexBindingDescriptions = vertexBindings.data();
		inputState.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(vertexAttribs.size());
		inputState.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = vertexAttribs.data();

		VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipelineCreateInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineCreateInfo(
				pipelineLayout,
				renderPass,
				0);

		pipelineCreateInfo.pVertexInputState = &inputState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pInputAssemblyState = &inputAssemblyState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pRasterizationState = &rasterizationState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pColorBlendState = &colorBlendState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pMultisampleState = &multisampleState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pViewportState = &viewportState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pDepthStencilState = &depthStencilState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pDynamicState = &dynamicState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.stageCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(shaderStages.size());
		pipelineCreateInfo.pStages = shaderStages.data();

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, pipelineCache, 1, &pipelineCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipeline));
	}

	// Prepare a separate render pass for rendering the text as an overlay
	void prepareRenderPass()
	{
		VkAttachmentDescription attachments[2] = {};

		// Color attachment
		attachments[0].format = colorFormat;
		attachments[0].samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
		// Don't clear the framebuffer (like the renderpass from the example does)
		attachments[0].loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_LOAD;
		attachments[0].storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
		attachments[0].stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
		attachments[0].stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
		attachments[0].initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
		attachments[0].finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR;

		// Depth attachment
		attachments[1].format = depthFormat;
		attachments[1].samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
		attachments[1].loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR;
		attachments[1].storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
		attachments[1].stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
		attachments[1].stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
		attachments[1].initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
		attachments[1].finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;

		VkAttachmentReference colorReference = {};
		colorReference.attachment = 0;
		colorReference.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;

		VkAttachmentReference depthReference = {};
		depthReference.attachment = 1;
		depthReference.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;

		// Use subpass dependencies for image layout transitions
		VkSubpassDependency subpassDependencies[2] = {};

		// Transition from final to initial (VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL refers to all commmands executed outside of the actual renderpass)
		subpassDependencies[0].srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
		subpassDependencies[0].dstSubpass = 0;
		subpassDependencies[0].srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT;
		subpassDependencies[0].dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
		subpassDependencies[0].srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_READ_BIT;
		subpassDependencies[0].dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
		subpassDependencies[0].dependencyFlags = VK_DEPENDENCY_BY_REGION_BIT;

		// Transition from initial to final
		subpassDependencies[1].srcSubpass = 0;
		subpassDependencies[1].dstSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
		subpassDependencies[1].srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
		subpassDependencies[1].dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT;
		subpassDependencies[1].srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
		subpassDependencies[1].dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_READ_BIT;
		subpassDependencies[1].dependencyFlags = VK_DEPENDENCY_BY_REGION_BIT;

		VkSubpassDescription subpassDescription = {};
		subpassDescription.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
		subpassDescription.flags = 0;
		subpassDescription.inputAttachmentCount = 0;
		subpassDescription.pInputAttachments = NULL;
		subpassDescription.colorAttachmentCount = 1;
		subpassDescription.pColorAttachments = &colorReference;
		subpassDescription.pResolveAttachments = NULL;
		subpassDescription.pDepthStencilAttachment = &depthReference;
		subpassDescription.preserveAttachmentCount = 0;
		subpassDescription.pPreserveAttachments = NULL;

		VkRenderPassCreateInfo renderPassInfo = {};
		renderPassInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO;
		renderPassInfo.pNext = NULL;
		renderPassInfo.attachmentCount = 2;
		renderPassInfo.pAttachments = attachments;
		renderPassInfo.subpassCount = 1;
		renderPassInfo.pSubpasses = &subpassDescription;
		renderPassInfo.dependencyCount = 2;
		renderPassInfo.pDependencies = subpassDependencies;

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateRenderPass(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, &renderPassInfo, nullptr, &renderPass));
	}

	// Map buffer 
	void beginTextUpdate()
	{
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkMapMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, memory, 0, VK_WHOLE_SIZE, 0, (void **)&mapped));
		numLetters = 0;
	}

	// Add text to the current buffer
	// todo : drop shadow? color attribute?
	void addText(std::string text, float x, float y, TextAlign align)
	{
		assert(mapped != nullptr);

		const float charW = 1.5f / *frameBufferWidth;
		const float charH = 1.5f / *frameBufferHeight;

		float fbW = (float)*frameBufferWidth;
		float fbH = (float)*frameBufferHeight;
		x = (x / fbW * 2.0f) - 1.0f;
		y = (y / fbH * 2.0f) - 1.0f;

		// Calculate text width
		float textWidth = 0;
		for (auto letter : text)
		{
			stb_fontchar *charData = &stbFontData[(uint32_t)letter - STB_FIRST_CHAR];
			textWidth += charData->advance * charW;
		}

		switch (align)
		{
			case alignRight:
				x -= textWidth;
				break;
			case alignCenter:
				x -= textWidth / 2.0f;
				break;
		}

		// Generate a uv mapped quad per char in the new text
		for (auto letter : text)
		{
			stb_fontchar *charData = &stbFontData[(uint32_t)letter - STB_FIRST_CHAR];

			mapped->x = (x + (float)charData->x0 * charW);
			mapped->y = (y + (float)charData->y0 * charH);
			mapped->z = charData->s0;
			mapped->w = charData->t0;
			mapped++;

			mapped->x = (x + (float)charData->x1 * charW);
			mapped->y = (y + (float)charData->y0 * charH);
			mapped->z = charData->s1;
			mapped->w = charData->t0;
			mapped++;

			mapped->x = (x + (float)charData->x0 * charW);
			mapped->y = (y + (float)charData->y1 * charH);
			mapped->z = charData->s0;
			mapped->w = charData->t1;
			mapped++;

			mapped->x = (x + (float)charData->x1 * charW);
			mapped->y = (y + (float)charData->y1 * charH);
			mapped->z = charData->s1;
			mapped->w = charData->t1;
			mapped++;

			x += charData->advance * charW;

			numLetters++;
		}
	}

	// Unmap buffer and update command buffers
	void endTextUpdate()
	{
		vkUnmapMemory(vulkanDevice->logicalDevice, memory);
		mapped = nullptr;
		updateCommandBuffers();
	}

	// Needs to be called by the application
	void updateCommandBuffers()
	{
		VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cmdBufInfo = vkTools::initializers::commandBufferBeginInfo();

		VkClearValue clearValues[2];
		clearValues[1].color = { { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f } };

		VkRenderPassBeginInfo renderPassBeginInfo = vkTools::initializers::renderPassBeginInfo();
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = renderPass;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.extent.width = *frameBufferWidth;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.extent.height = *frameBufferHeight;
		renderPassBeginInfo.clearValueCount = 2;
		renderPassBeginInfo.pClearValues = clearValues;

		for (int32_t i = 0; i < cmdBuffers.size(); ++i)
		{
			renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = *frameBuffers[i];

			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkBeginCommandBuffer(cmdBuffers[i], &cmdBufInfo));

			vkCmdBeginRenderPass(cmdBuffers[i], &renderPassBeginInfo, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);

			VkViewport viewport = vkTools::initializers::viewport((float)*frameBufferWidth, (float)*frameBufferHeight, 0.0f, 1.0f);
			vkCmdSetViewport(cmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &viewport);

			VkRect2D scissor = vkTools::initializers::rect2D(*frameBufferWidth, *frameBufferHeight, 0, 0);
			vkCmdSetScissor(cmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &scissor);

			vkCmdBindPipeline(cmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
			vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(cmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSet, 0, NULL);

			VkDeviceSize offsets = 0;
			vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(cmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &buffer, &offsets);
			vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(cmdBuffers[i], 1, 1, &buffer, &offsets);
			for (uint32_t j = 0; j < numLetters; j++)
			{
				vkCmdDraw(cmdBuffers[i], 4, 1, j * 4, 0);
			}


			vkCmdEndRenderPass(cmdBuffers[i]);

			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkEndCommandBuffer(cmdBuffers[i]));
		}
	}

	// Submit the text command buffers to a queue
	// Does a queue wait idle
	void submit(VkQueue queue, uint32_t bufferindex)
	{
		if (!visible)
		{
			return;
		}

		VkSubmitInfo submitInfo = {};
		submitInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO;submitInfo.commandBufferCount = 1;
		submitInfo.pCommandBuffers = &cmdBuffers[bufferindex];

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkQueueSubmit(queue, 1, &submitInfo, VK_NULL_HANDLE));
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkQueueWaitIdle(queue));
	}

};

class VulkanExample : public VulkanExampleBase
{
public:
	TextOverlay *textOverlay = nullptr;

	// Vertex layout for the models
	vks::VertexLayout vertexLayout = vks::VertexLayout({
		vks::VERTEX_COMPONENT_POSITION,
		vks::VERTEX_COMPONENT_NORMAL,
		vks::VERTEX_COMPONENT_UV,
		vks::VERTEX_COMPONENT_COLOR,
	});

	struct {
		vks::Texture2D background;
		vks::Texture2D cube;
	} textures;

	struct {
		vks::Model cube;
	} models;

	struct {
		VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo inputState;
		std::vector<VkVertexInputBindingDescription> bindingDescriptions;
		std::vector<VkVertexInputAttributeDescription> attributeDescriptions;
	} vertices;

	vk::Buffer uniformBuffer;

	struct UBOVS {
		glm::mat4 projection;
		glm::mat4 model;
		glm::vec4 lightPos = glm::vec4(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
	} uboVS;

	struct {
		VkPipeline solid;
		VkPipeline background;
	} pipelines;

	VkPipelineLayout pipelineLayout;
	VkDescriptorSetLayout descriptorSetLayout;

	struct {
		VkDescriptorSet background;
		VkDescriptorSet cube;
	} descriptorSets;


	VulkanExample() : VulkanExampleBase(ENABLE_VALIDATION)
	{
		zoom = -4.5f;
		zoomSpeed = 2.5f;
		rotation = { -25.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f };
		title = "Vulkan Example - Text overlay";
		// Disable text overlay of the example base class
		enableTextOverlay = false;
	}

	~VulkanExample()
	{
		vkDestroyPipeline(device, pipelines.solid, nullptr);
		vkDestroyPipeline(device, pipelines.background, nullptr);
		vkDestroyPipelineLayout(device, pipelineLayout, nullptr);
		vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(device, descriptorSetLayout, nullptr);
		models.cube.destroy();
		textures.background.destroy();
		textures.cube.destroy();
		uniformBuffer.destroy();
		delete(textOverlay);
	}

	void buildCommandBuffers()
	{
		VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cmdBufInfo = vkTools::initializers::commandBufferBeginInfo();

		VkClearValue clearValues[3];

		clearValues[0].color = { { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f } };
		clearValues[1].depthStencil = { 1.0f, 0 };

		VkRenderPassBeginInfo renderPassBeginInfo = vkTools::initializers::renderPassBeginInfo();
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = renderPass;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.extent.width = width;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.extent.height = height;
		renderPassBeginInfo.clearValueCount = 2;
		renderPassBeginInfo.pClearValues = clearValues;

		for (int32_t i = 0; i < drawCmdBuffers.size(); ++i)
		{
			// Set target frame buffer
			renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = frameBuffers[i];

			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkBeginCommandBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], &cmdBufInfo));

			vkCmdBeginRenderPass(drawCmdBuffers[i], &renderPassBeginInfo, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);

			VkViewport viewport = vkTools::initializers::viewport((float)width, (float)height, 0.0f, 1.0f);
			vkCmdSetViewport(drawCmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &viewport);

			VkRect2D scissor = vkTools::initializers::rect2D(width, height, 0, 0);
			vkCmdSetScissor(drawCmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &scissor);

			vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSets.background, 0, NULL);

			VkDeviceSize offsets[1] = { 0 };
			vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(drawCmdBuffers[i], VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID, 1, &models.cube.vertices.buffer, offsets);
			vkCmdBindIndexBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], models.cube.indices.buffer, 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);

			// Background
			vkCmdBindPipeline(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelines.background);
			// Vertices are generated by the vertex shader
			vkCmdDraw(drawCmdBuffers[i], 4, 1, 0, 0);

			// Cube
			vkCmdBindPipeline(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelines.solid);
			vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSets.cube, 0, NULL);
			vkCmdDrawIndexed(drawCmdBuffers[i], models.cube.indexCount, 1, 0, 0, 0);

			vkCmdEndRenderPass(drawCmdBuffers[i]);

			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkEndCommandBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i]));
		}

		vkQueueWaitIdle(queue);
	}

	// Update the text buffer displayed by the text overlay
	void updateTextOverlay(void)
	{
		textOverlay->beginTextUpdate();

		textOverlay->addText(title, 5.0f, 5.0f, TextOverlay::alignLeft);

		std::stringstream ss;
		ss << std::fixed << std::setprecision(2) << (frameTimer * 1000.0f) << "ms (" << lastFPS << " fps)";
		textOverlay->addText(ss.str(), 5.0f, 25.0f, TextOverlay::alignLeft);

		textOverlay->addText(deviceProperties.deviceName, 5.0f, 45.0f, TextOverlay::alignLeft);
		
		textOverlay->addText("Press \"space\" to toggle text overlay", 5.0f, 65.0f, TextOverlay::alignLeft);

		// Display projected cube vertices
		for (int32_t x = -1; x <= 1; x += 2)
		{
			for (int32_t y = -1; y <= 1; y += 2)
			{
				for (int32_t z = -1; z <= 1; z += 2)
				{
					std::stringstream vpos;
					vpos << std::showpos << x << "/" << y << "/" << z;
					glm::vec3 projected = glm::project(glm::vec3((float)x, (float)y, (float)z), uboVS.model, uboVS.projection, glm::vec4(0, 0, (float)width, (float)height));
					textOverlay->addText(vpos.str(), projected.x, projected.y + (y > -1 ? 5.0f : -20.0f), TextOverlay::alignCenter);
				}
			}
		}

		// Display current model view matrix
		textOverlay->addText("model view matrix", (float)width, 5.0f, TextOverlay::alignRight);

		for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 4; i++)
		{
			ss.str("");
			ss << std::fixed << std::setprecision(2) << std::showpos;
			ss << uboVS.model[0][i] << " " << uboVS.model[1][i] << " " << uboVS.model[2][i] << " " << uboVS.model[3][i];
			textOverlay->addText(ss.str(), (float)width, 25.0f + (float)i * 20.0f, TextOverlay::alignRight);
		}

		glm::vec3 projected = glm::project(glm::vec3(0.0f), uboVS.model, uboVS.projection, glm::vec4(0, 0, (float)width, (float)height));
		textOverlay->addText("Uniform cube", projected.x, projected.y, TextOverlay::alignCenter);

#if defined(__ANDROID__)
		// toto
#else
		textOverlay->addText("Hold middle mouse button and drag to move", 5.0f, 85.0f, TextOverlay::alignLeft);
#endif
		textOverlay->endTextUpdate();
	}

	void loadAssets()
	{
		textures.background.loadFromFile(getAssetPath() + "textures/skysphere_bc3.ktx", VK_FORMAT_BC3_UNORM_BLOCK, vulkanDevice, queue);
		textures.cube.loadFromFile(getAssetPath() + "textures/round_window_bc3.ktx", VK_FORMAT_BC3_UNORM_BLOCK, vulkanDevice, queue);
		models.cube.loadFromFile(getAssetPath() + "models/cube.dae", vertexLayout, 1.0f, vulkanDevice, queue);
	}

	void setupVertexDescriptions()
	{
		// Binding description
		vertices.bindingDescriptions.resize(1);
		vertices.bindingDescriptions[0] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputBindingDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				vertexLayout.stride(),
				VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX);

		// Attribute descriptions
		vertices.attributeDescriptions.resize(4);
		// Location 0 : Position
		vertices.attributeDescriptions[0] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				0,
				VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT,
				0);
		// Location 1 : Normal
		vertices.attributeDescriptions[1] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				1,
				VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT,
				sizeof(float) * 3);
		// Location 2 : Texture coordinates
		vertices.attributeDescriptions[2] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				2,
				VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT,
				sizeof(float) * 6);
		// Location 3 : Color
		vertices.attributeDescriptions[3] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				3,
				VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT,
				sizeof(float) * 8);

		vertices.inputState = vkTools::initializers::pipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo();
		vertices.inputState.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(vertices.bindingDescriptions.size());
		vertices.inputState.pVertexBindingDescriptions = vertices.bindingDescriptions.data();
		vertices.inputState.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(vertices.attributeDescriptions.size());
		vertices.inputState.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = vertices.attributeDescriptions.data();
	}

	void setupDescriptorPool()
	{
		std::vector<VkDescriptorPoolSize> poolSizes =
		{
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorPoolSize(VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 2),
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorPoolSize(VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 2),
		};

		VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo descriptorPoolInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorPoolCreateInfo(
				static_cast<uint32_t>(poolSizes.size()),
				poolSizes.data(),
				2);

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateDescriptorPool(device, &descriptorPoolInfo, nullptr, &descriptorPool));
	}

	void setupDescriptorSetLayout()
	{
		std::vector<VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding> setLayoutBindings =
		{
			// Binding 0 : Vertex shader uniform buffer
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutBinding(
			VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER,
				VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT,
				0),
			// Binding 1 : Fragment shader combined sampler
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutBinding(
				VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
				VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT,
				1),
		};

		VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo descriptorLayout =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo(
				setLayoutBindings.data(),
				static_cast<uint32_t>(setLayoutBindings.size()));

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, &descriptorLayout, nullptr, &descriptorSetLayout));

		VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo pPipelineLayoutCreateInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineLayoutCreateInfo(
				&descriptorSetLayout,
				1);

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreatePipelineLayout(device, &pPipelineLayoutCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelineLayout));
	}

	void setupDescriptorSet()
	{
		VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo allocInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetAllocateInfo(
				descriptorPool,
				&descriptorSetLayout,
				1);

		// Background
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateDescriptorSets(device, &allocInfo, &descriptorSets.background));

		VkDescriptorImageInfo texDescriptor =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorImageInfo(
				textures.background.sampler,
				textures.background.view,
				VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

		std::vector<VkWriteDescriptorSet> writeDescriptorSets;

		// Binding 0 : Vertex shader uniform buffer
		writeDescriptorSets.push_back(
			vkTools::initializers::writeDescriptorSet(
				descriptorSets.background,
				VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER,
				0,
				&uniformBuffer.descriptor));

		// Binding 1 : Color map 
		writeDescriptorSets.push_back(
			vkTools::initializers::writeDescriptorSet(
				descriptorSets.background,
				VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
				1,
				&texDescriptor));

		vkUpdateDescriptorSets(device, static_cast<uint32_t>(writeDescriptorSets.size()), writeDescriptorSets.data(), 0, NULL);

		// Cube
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateDescriptorSets(device, &allocInfo, &descriptorSets.cube));
		texDescriptor.sampler = textures.cube.sampler;
		texDescriptor.imageView = textures.cube.view;
		writeDescriptorSets[0].dstSet = descriptorSets.cube;
		writeDescriptorSets[1].dstSet = descriptorSets.cube;
		vkUpdateDescriptorSets(device, static_cast<uint32_t>(writeDescriptorSets.size()), writeDescriptorSets.data(), 0, NULL);
	}

	void preparePipelines()
	{
		VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo inputAssemblyState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo(
				VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST,
				0,
				VK_FALSE);

		VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rasterizationState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo(
				VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL,
				VK_CULL_MODE_BACK_BIT,
				VK_FRONT_FACE_CLOCKWISE,
				0);

		VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState blendAttachmentState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineColorBlendAttachmentState(
				0xf,
				VK_FALSE);

		VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo colorBlendState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo(
				1,
				&blendAttachmentState);

		VkPipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo depthStencilState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo(
				VK_TRUE,
				VK_TRUE,
				VK_COMPARE_OP_LESS_OR_EQUAL);

		VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo viewportState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineViewportStateCreateInfo(1, 1, 0);

		VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisampleState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo(
				VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
				0);

		std::vector<VkDynamicState> dynamicStateEnables = {
			VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_VIEWPORT,
			VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_SCISSOR
		};
		VkPipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo dynamicState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo(
				dynamicStateEnables.data(),
				static_cast<uint32_t>(dynamicStateEnables.size()),
				0);

		// Wire frame rendering pipeline
		std::array<VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo, 2> shaderStages;

		shaderStages[0] = loadShader(getAssetPath() + "shaders/textoverlay/mesh.vert.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
		shaderStages[1] = loadShader(getAssetPath() + "shaders/textoverlay/mesh.frag.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);

		VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipelineCreateInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineCreateInfo(
				pipelineLayout,
				renderPass,
				0);

		pipelineCreateInfo.pVertexInputState = &vertices.inputState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pInputAssemblyState = &inputAssemblyState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pRasterizationState = &rasterizationState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pColorBlendState = &colorBlendState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pMultisampleState = &multisampleState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pViewportState = &viewportState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pDepthStencilState = &depthStencilState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pDynamicState = &dynamicState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.stageCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(shaderStages.size());
		pipelineCreateInfo.pStages = shaderStages.data();

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, pipelineCache, 1, &pipelineCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelines.solid));

		// Background rendering pipeline
		depthStencilState.depthTestEnable = VK_FALSE;
		depthStencilState.depthWriteEnable = VK_FALSE;

		rasterizationState.polygonMode = VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL;

		shaderStages[0] = loadShader(getAssetPath() + "shaders/textoverlay/background.vert.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
		shaderStages[1] = loadShader(getAssetPath() + "shaders/textoverlay/background.frag.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, pipelineCache, 1, &pipelineCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelines.background));
	}

	// Prepare and initialize uniform buffer containing shader uniforms
	void prepareUniformBuffers()
	{
		// Vertex shader uniform buffer block
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vulkanDevice->createBuffer(
			VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT,
			VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT,
			&uniformBuffer,
			sizeof(uboVS)));

		// Map persistent
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(uniformBuffer.map());

		updateUniformBuffers();
	}

	void updateUniformBuffers()
	{
		// Vertex shader
		uboVS.projection = glm::perspective(glm::radians(60.0f), (float)width / (float)height, 0.1f, 256.0f);

		glm::mat4 viewMatrix = glm::translate(glm::mat4(), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, zoom));

		uboVS.model = viewMatrix * glm::translate(glm::mat4(), cameraPos);
		uboVS.model = glm::rotate(uboVS.model, glm::radians(rotation.x), glm::vec3(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
		uboVS.model = glm::rotate(uboVS.model, glm::radians(rotation.y), glm::vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
		uboVS.model = glm::rotate(uboVS.model, glm::radians(rotation.z), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));

		memcpy(uniformBuffer.mapped, &uboVS, sizeof(uboVS));
	}

	void prepareTextOverlay()
	{
		// Load the text rendering shaders
		std::vector<VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo> shaderStages;
		shaderStages.push_back(loadShader(getAssetPath() + "shaders/textoverlay/text.vert.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT));
		shaderStages.push_back(loadShader(getAssetPath() + "shaders/textoverlay/text.frag.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT));

		textOverlay = new TextOverlay(
			vulkanDevice,
			queue,
			frameBuffers,
			swapChain.colorFormat,
			depthFormat,
			&width,
			&height,
			shaderStages
			);
		updateTextOverlay();
	}

	void draw()
	{
		VulkanExampleBase::prepareFrame();

		// Command buffer to be sumitted to the queue
		submitInfo.commandBufferCount = 1;
		submitInfo.pCommandBuffers = &drawCmdBuffers[currentBuffer];

		// Submit to queue
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkQueueSubmit(queue, 1, &submitInfo, VK_NULL_HANDLE));

		// Submit text overlay to queue
		textOverlay->submit(queue, currentBuffer);

		VulkanExampleBase::submitFrame();
	}

	void prepare()
	{
		VulkanExampleBase::prepare();
		loadAssets();
		setupVertexDescriptions();
		prepareUniformBuffers();
		setupDescriptorSetLayout();
		preparePipelines();
		setupDescriptorPool();
		setupDescriptorSet();
		buildCommandBuffers();
		prepareTextOverlay();
		prepared = true;
	}

	virtual void render()
	{
		if (!prepared)
			return;
		draw();
		if (frameCounter == 0)
		{
			vkDeviceWaitIdle(device);
			updateTextOverlay();
		}
	}

	virtual void viewChanged()
	{
		vkDeviceWaitIdle(device);
		updateUniformBuffers();
		updateTextOverlay();
	}

	virtual void windowResized()
	{
		updateTextOverlay();
	}

	virtual void keyPressed(uint32_t keyCode)
	{
		switch (keyCode)
		{
		case KEY_KPADD:
		case KEY_SPACE:
			textOverlay->visible = !textOverlay->visible;
		}
	}
};

VULKAN_EXAMPLE_MAIN()