procedural-3d-engine/mesh/mesh.cpp

/*
* Vulkan Example - Model loading and rendering
*
* Copyright (C) 2016 by Sascha Willems - www.saschawillems.de
*
* This code is licensed under the MIT license (MIT) (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <vector>

#define GLM_FORCE_RADIANS
#define GLM_FORCE_DEPTH_ZERO_TO_ONE
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>

#include <assimp/Importer.hpp> 
#include <assimp/scene.h>     
#include <assimp/postprocess.h>
#include <assimp/cimport.h>

#include <vulkan/vulkan.h>
#include "vulkanexamplebase.h"
#include "VulkanTexture.hpp"

#define VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID 0
#define ENABLE_VALIDATION false

class VulkanExample : public VulkanExampleBase
{
public:
	bool wireframe = false;

	struct {
		vks::Texture2D colorMap;
	} textures;

	struct {
		VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo inputState;
		std::vector<VkVertexInputBindingDescription> bindingDescriptions;
		std::vector<VkVertexInputAttributeDescription> attributeDescriptions;
	} vertices;

	// Vertex layout used in this example
	// This must fit input locations of the vertex shader used to render the model
	struct Vertex {
		glm::vec3 pos;
		glm::vec3 normal;
		glm::vec2 uv;
		glm::vec3 color;
	};

	// Contains all Vulkan resources required to represent vertex and index buffers for a model
	// This is for demonstration and learning purposes, the other examples use a model loader class for easy access
	struct Model {
		struct {
			VkBuffer buffer;
			VkDeviceMemory memory;
		} vertices;
		struct {
			int count;
			VkBuffer buffer;
			VkDeviceMemory memory;
		} indices;
		// Destroys all Vulkan resources created for this model
		void destroy(VkDevice device)
		{
			vkDestroyBuffer(device, vertices.buffer, nullptr);
			vkFreeMemory(device, vertices.memory, nullptr);
			vkDestroyBuffer(device, indices.buffer, nullptr);
			vkFreeMemory(device, indices.memory, nullptr);
		};
	} model;

	struct {
		vks::Buffer scene;
	} uniformBuffers;

	struct {
		glm::mat4 projection;
		glm::mat4 model;
		glm::vec4 lightPos = glm::vec4(25.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f, 1.0f);
	} uboVS;

	struct {
		VkPipeline solid;
		VkPipeline wireframe;
	} pipelines;

	VkPipelineLayout pipelineLayout;
	VkDescriptorSet descriptorSet;
	VkDescriptorSetLayout descriptorSetLayout;

	VulkanExample() : VulkanExampleBase(ENABLE_VALIDATION)
	{
		zoom = -5.5f;
		zoomSpeed = 2.5f;
		rotationSpeed = 0.5f;
		rotation = { -0.5f, -112.75f, 0.0f };
		cameraPos = { 0.1f, 1.1f, 0.0f };
		enableTextOverlay = true;
		title = "Vulkan Example - Model rendering";
		// Enable physical device features required for this example				
		enabledFeatures.fillModeNonSolid = VK_TRUE;
	}

	~VulkanExample()
	{
		// Clean up used Vulkan resources 
		// Note : Inherited destructor cleans up resources stored in base class
		vkDestroyPipeline(device, pipelines.solid, nullptr);
		vkDestroyPipeline(device, pipelines.wireframe, nullptr);

		vkDestroyPipelineLayout(device, pipelineLayout, nullptr);
		vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(device, descriptorSetLayout, nullptr);

		model.destroy(device);

		textures.colorMap.destroy();
		uniformBuffers.scene.destroy();
	}

	void reBuildCommandBuffers()
	{
		if (!checkCommandBuffers())
		{
			destroyCommandBuffers();
			createCommandBuffers();
		}
		buildCommandBuffers();
	}

	void buildCommandBuffers()
	{
		VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cmdBufInfo = vkTools::initializers::commandBufferBeginInfo();

		VkClearValue clearValues[2];
		clearValues[0].color = defaultClearColor;
		clearValues[1].depthStencil = { 1.0f, 0 };

		VkRenderPassBeginInfo renderPassBeginInfo = vkTools::initializers::renderPassBeginInfo();
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = renderPass;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.offset.x = 0;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.offset.y = 0;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.extent.width = width;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.extent.height = height;
		renderPassBeginInfo.clearValueCount = 2;
		renderPassBeginInfo.pClearValues = clearValues;

		for (int32_t i = 0; i < drawCmdBuffers.size(); ++i)
		{
			// Set target frame buffer
			renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = frameBuffers[i];

			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkBeginCommandBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], &cmdBufInfo));

			vkCmdBeginRenderPass(drawCmdBuffers[i], &renderPassBeginInfo, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);

			VkViewport viewport = vkTools::initializers::viewport((float)width, (float)height, 0.0f, 1.0f);
			vkCmdSetViewport(drawCmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &viewport);

			VkRect2D scissor = vkTools::initializers::rect2D(width, height, 0, 0);
			vkCmdSetScissor(drawCmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &scissor);

			vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSet, 0, NULL);
			vkCmdBindPipeline(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, wireframe ? pipelines.wireframe : pipelines.solid);

			VkDeviceSize offsets[1] = { 0 };
			// Bind mesh vertex buffer
			vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(drawCmdBuffers[i], VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID, 1, &model.vertices.buffer, offsets);
			// Bind mesh index buffer
			vkCmdBindIndexBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], model.indices.buffer, 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
			// Render mesh vertex buffer using it's indices
			vkCmdDrawIndexed(drawCmdBuffers[i], model.indices.count, 1, 0, 0, 0);

			vkCmdEndRenderPass(drawCmdBuffers[i]);

			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkEndCommandBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i]));
		}
	}

	// Load a model from file using the ASSIMP model loader and generate all resources required to render the model
	void loadModel(std::string filename)
	{
		// Load the model from file using ASSIMP

		const aiScene* scene;
		Assimp::Importer Importer;		

		// Flags for loading the mesh
		static const int assimpFlags = aiProcess_FlipWindingOrder | aiProcess_Triangulate | aiProcess_PreTransformVertices;

#if defined(__ANDROID__)
		// Meshes are stored inside the apk on Android (compressed)
		// So they need to be loaded via the asset manager

		AAsset* asset = AAssetManager_open(androidApp->activity->assetManager, filename.c_str(), AASSET_MODE_STREAMING);
		assert(asset);
		size_t size = AAsset_getLength(asset);

		assert(size > 0);

		void *meshData = malloc(size);
		AAsset_read(asset, meshData, size);
		AAsset_close(asset);

		scene = Importer.ReadFileFromMemory(meshData, size, assimpFlags);

		free(meshData);
#else
		scene = Importer.ReadFile(filename.c_str(), assimpFlags);
#endif

		// Generate vertex buffer from ASSIMP scene data
		float scale = 1.0f;
		std::vector<Vertex> vertexBuffer;

		// Iterate through all meshes in the file and extract the vertex components
		for (uint32_t m = 0; m < scene->mNumMeshes; m++)
		{
			for (uint32_t v = 0; v < scene->mMeshes[m]->mNumVertices; v++)
			{
				Vertex vertex;

				// Use glm make_* functions to convert ASSIMP vectors to glm vectors
				vertex.pos = glm::make_vec3(&scene->mMeshes[m]->mVertices[v].x) * scale;
				vertex.normal = glm::make_vec3(&scene->mMeshes[m]->mNormals[v].x);
				// Texture coordinates and colors may have multiple channels, we only use the first [0] one
				vertex.uv = glm::make_vec2(&scene->mMeshes[m]->mTextureCoords[0][v].x);
				// Mesh may not have vertex colors
				vertex.color = (scene->mMeshes[m]->HasVertexColors(0)) ? glm::make_vec3(&scene->mMeshes[m]->mColors[0][v].r) : glm::vec3(1.0f);

				// Vulkan uses a right-handed NDC (contrary to OpenGL), so simply flip Y-Axis
				vertex.pos.y *= -1.0f;

				vertexBuffer.push_back(vertex);
			}
		}
		size_t vertexBufferSize = vertexBuffer.size() * sizeof(Vertex);

		// Generate index buffer from ASSIMP scene data
		std::vector<uint32_t> indexBuffer;
		for (uint32_t m = 0; m < scene->mNumMeshes; m++)
		{
			uint32_t indexBase = static_cast<uint32_t>(indexBuffer.size());
			for (uint32_t f = 0; f < scene->mMeshes[m]->mNumFaces; f++)
			{
				// We assume that all faces are triangulated
				for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 3; i++)
				{
					indexBuffer.push_back(scene->mMeshes[m]->mFaces[f].mIndices[i] + indexBase);
				}
			}
		}
		size_t indexBufferSize = indexBuffer.size() * sizeof(uint32_t);
		model.indices.count = static_cast<uint32_t>(indexBuffer.size());

		// Static mesh should always be device local

		bool useStaging = true;

		if (useStaging)
		{
			struct {
				VkBuffer buffer;
				VkDeviceMemory memory;
			} vertexStaging, indexStaging;

			// Create staging buffers
			// Vertex data
			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vulkanDevice->createBuffer(
				VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT,
				VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT,
				vertexBufferSize,
				&vertexStaging.buffer,
				&vertexStaging.memory,
				vertexBuffer.data()));
			// Index data
			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vulkanDevice->createBuffer(
				VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT,
				VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT,
				indexBufferSize,
				&indexStaging.buffer,
				&indexStaging.memory,
				indexBuffer.data()));

			// Create device local buffers
			// Vertex buffer
			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vulkanDevice->createBuffer(
				VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT,
				VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT,
				vertexBufferSize,
				&model.vertices.buffer,
				&model.vertices.memory));
			// Index buffer
			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vulkanDevice->createBuffer(
				VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT,
				VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT,
				indexBufferSize,
				&model.indices.buffer,
				&model.indices.memory));

			// Copy from staging buffers
			VkCommandBuffer copyCmd = VulkanExampleBase::createCommandBuffer(VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY, true);

			VkBufferCopy copyRegion = {};

			copyRegion.size = vertexBufferSize;
			vkCmdCopyBuffer(
				copyCmd,
				vertexStaging.buffer,
				model.vertices.buffer,
				1,
				&copyRegion);

			copyRegion.size = indexBufferSize;
			vkCmdCopyBuffer(
				copyCmd,
				indexStaging.buffer,
				model.indices.buffer,
				1,
				&copyRegion);

			VulkanExampleBase::flushCommandBuffer(copyCmd, queue, true);

			vkDestroyBuffer(device, vertexStaging.buffer, nullptr);
			vkFreeMemory(device, vertexStaging.memory, nullptr);
			vkDestroyBuffer(device, indexStaging.buffer, nullptr);
			vkFreeMemory(device, indexStaging.memory, nullptr);
		}
		else
		{
			// Vertex buffer
			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vulkanDevice->createBuffer(
				VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT,
				VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT,
				vertexBufferSize,
				&model.vertices.buffer,
				&model.vertices.memory,
				vertexBuffer.data()));
			// Index buffer
			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vulkanDevice->createBuffer(
				VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT,
				VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT,
				indexBufferSize,
				&model.indices.buffer,
				&model.indices.memory,
				indexBuffer.data()));
		}
	}

	void loadAssets()
	{
		loadModel(getAssetPath() + "models/voyager/voyager.dae");
		textures.colorMap.loadFromFile(getAssetPath() + "models/voyager/voyager.ktx", VK_FORMAT_BC3_UNORM_BLOCK, vulkanDevice, queue);
	}

	void setupVertexDescriptions()
	{
		// Binding description
		vertices.bindingDescriptions.resize(1);
		vertices.bindingDescriptions[0] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputBindingDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				sizeof(Vertex),
				VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX);

		// Attribute descriptions
		// Describes memory layout and shader positions
		vertices.attributeDescriptions.resize(4);
		// Location 0 : Position
		vertices.attributeDescriptions[0] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				0,
				VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT,
				offsetof(Vertex, pos));
		// Location 1 : Normal
		vertices.attributeDescriptions[1] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				1,
				VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT,
				offsetof(Vertex, normal));
		// Location 2 : Texture coordinates
		vertices.attributeDescriptions[2] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				2,
				VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT,
				offsetof(Vertex, uv));
		// Location 3 : Color
		vertices.attributeDescriptions[3] =
			vkTools::initializers::vertexInputAttributeDescription(
				VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID,
				3,
				VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT,
				offsetof(Vertex, color));

		vertices.inputState = vkTools::initializers::pipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo();
		vertices.inputState.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(vertices.bindingDescriptions.size());
		vertices.inputState.pVertexBindingDescriptions = vertices.bindingDescriptions.data();
		vertices.inputState.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(vertices.attributeDescriptions.size());
		vertices.inputState.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = vertices.attributeDescriptions.data();
	}

	void setupDescriptorPool()
	{
		// Example uses one ubo and one combined image sampler
		std::vector<VkDescriptorPoolSize> poolSizes =
		{
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorPoolSize(VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 1),
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorPoolSize(VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 1),
		};

		VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo descriptorPoolInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorPoolCreateInfo(
				static_cast<uint32_t>(poolSizes.size()),
				poolSizes.data(),
				1);

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateDescriptorPool(device, &descriptorPoolInfo, nullptr, &descriptorPool));
	}

	void setupDescriptorSetLayout()
	{
		std::vector<VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding> setLayoutBindings =
		{
			// Binding 0 : Vertex shader uniform buffer
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutBinding(
			VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER,
				VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT,
				0),
			// Binding 1 : Fragment shader combined sampler
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutBinding(
				VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
				VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT,
				1),
		};

		VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo descriptorLayout =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo(
				setLayoutBindings.data(),
				static_cast<uint32_t>(setLayoutBindings.size()));

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, &descriptorLayout, nullptr, &descriptorSetLayout));

		VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo pPipelineLayoutCreateInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineLayoutCreateInfo(
				&descriptorSetLayout,
				1);

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreatePipelineLayout(device, &pPipelineLayoutCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelineLayout));
	}

	void setupDescriptorSet()
	{
		VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo allocInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorSetAllocateInfo(
				descriptorPool,
				&descriptorSetLayout,
				1);

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateDescriptorSets(device, &allocInfo, &descriptorSet));

		VkDescriptorImageInfo texDescriptor =
			vkTools::initializers::descriptorImageInfo(
				textures.colorMap.sampler,
				textures.colorMap.view,
				VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

		std::vector<VkWriteDescriptorSet> writeDescriptorSets =
		{
			// Binding 0 : Vertex shader uniform buffer
			vkTools::initializers::writeDescriptorSet(
			descriptorSet,
				VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER,
				0,
				&uniformBuffers.scene.descriptor),
			// Binding 1 : Color map 
			vkTools::initializers::writeDescriptorSet(
				descriptorSet,
				VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
				1,
				&texDescriptor)
		};

		vkUpdateDescriptorSets(device, static_cast<uint32_t>(writeDescriptorSets.size()), writeDescriptorSets.data(), 0, NULL);
	}

	void preparePipelines()
	{
		VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo inputAssemblyState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo(
				VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST,
				0,
				VK_FALSE);

		VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rasterizationState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo(
				VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL,
				VK_CULL_MODE_BACK_BIT,
				VK_FRONT_FACE_CLOCKWISE,
				0);

		VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState blendAttachmentState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineColorBlendAttachmentState(
				0xf,
				VK_FALSE);

		VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo colorBlendState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo(
				1,
				&blendAttachmentState);

		VkPipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo depthStencilState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo(
				VK_TRUE,
				VK_TRUE,
				VK_COMPARE_OP_LESS_OR_EQUAL);

		VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo viewportState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineViewportStateCreateInfo(1, 1, 0);

		VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisampleState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo(
				VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
				0);

		std::vector<VkDynamicState> dynamicStateEnables = {
			VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_VIEWPORT,
			VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_SCISSOR
		};
		VkPipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo dynamicState =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo(
				dynamicStateEnables.data(),
				static_cast<uint32_t>(dynamicStateEnables.size()),
				0);

		// Solid rendering pipeline
		// Load shaders
		std::array<VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo, 2> shaderStages;

		shaderStages[0] = loadShader(getAssetPath() + "shaders/mesh/mesh.vert.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
		shaderStages[1] = loadShader(getAssetPath() + "shaders/mesh/mesh.frag.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);

		VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipelineCreateInfo =
			vkTools::initializers::pipelineCreateInfo(
				pipelineLayout,
				renderPass,
				0);

		pipelineCreateInfo.pVertexInputState = &vertices.inputState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pInputAssemblyState = &inputAssemblyState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pRasterizationState = &rasterizationState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pColorBlendState = &colorBlendState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pMultisampleState = &multisampleState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pViewportState = &viewportState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pDepthStencilState = &depthStencilState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.pDynamicState = &dynamicState;
		pipelineCreateInfo.stageCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(shaderStages.size());
		pipelineCreateInfo.pStages = shaderStages.data();

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, pipelineCache, 1, &pipelineCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelines.solid));

		// Wire frame rendering pipeline
		rasterizationState.polygonMode = VK_POLYGON_MODE_LINE;
		rasterizationState.lineWidth = 1.0f;

		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, pipelineCache, 1, &pipelineCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelines.wireframe));
	}

	// Prepare and initialize uniform buffer containing shader uniforms
	void prepareUniformBuffers()
	{
		// Vertex shader uniform buffer block
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vulkanDevice->createBuffer(
			VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT,
			VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT,
			&uniformBuffers.scene,
			sizeof(uboVS)));
		
		// Map persistent
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(uniformBuffers.scene.map());

		updateUniformBuffers();
	}

	void updateUniformBuffers()
	{
		uboVS.projection = glm::perspective(glm::radians(60.0f), (float)width / (float)height, 0.1f, 256.0f);
		glm::mat4 viewMatrix = glm::translate(glm::mat4(), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, zoom));

		uboVS.model = viewMatrix * glm::translate(glm::mat4(), cameraPos);
		uboVS.model = glm::rotate(uboVS.model, glm::radians(rotation.x), glm::vec3(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
		uboVS.model = glm::rotate(uboVS.model, glm::radians(rotation.y), glm::vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
		uboVS.model = glm::rotate(uboVS.model, glm::radians(rotation.z), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));

		memcpy(uniformBuffers.scene.mapped, &uboVS, sizeof(uboVS));
	}

	void draw()
	{
		VulkanExampleBase::prepareFrame();

		// Command buffer to be sumitted to the queue
		submitInfo.commandBufferCount = 1;
		submitInfo.pCommandBuffers = &drawCmdBuffers[currentBuffer];

		// Submit to queue
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkQueueSubmit(queue, 1, &submitInfo, VK_NULL_HANDLE));

		VulkanExampleBase::submitFrame();
	}

	void prepare()
	{
		VulkanExampleBase::prepare();
		loadAssets();
		setupVertexDescriptions();
		prepareUniformBuffers();
		setupDescriptorSetLayout();
		preparePipelines();
		setupDescriptorPool();
		setupDescriptorSet();
		buildCommandBuffers();
		prepared = true;
	}

	virtual void render()
	{
		if (!prepared)
			return;
		draw();
	}

	virtual void viewChanged()
	{
		updateUniformBuffers();
	}

	virtual void keyPressed(uint32_t keyCode)
	{
		switch (keyCode)
		{
		case KEY_W:
		case GAMEPAD_BUTTON_A:
			wireframe = !wireframe;
			reBuildCommandBuffers();
			break;
		}
	}

	virtual void getOverlayText(VulkanTextOverlay *textOverlay)
	{
#if defined(__ANDROID__)
		textOverlay->addText("Press \"Button A\" to toggle wireframe", 5.0f, 85.0f, VulkanTextOverlay::alignLeft);
#else
		textOverlay->addText("Press \"w\" to toggle wireframe", 5.0f, 85.0f, VulkanTextOverlay::alignLeft);
#endif
	}
};

VULKAN_EXAMPLE_MAIN()