/* * Vulkan Example - Cube map texture loading and displaying * * Copyright (C) 2016-2023 by Sascha Willems - www.saschawillems.de * * This code is licensed under the MIT license (MIT) (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT) */ #include "vulkanexamplebase.h" #include "VulkanglTFModel.h" #include #include #define ENABLE_VALIDATION false class VulkanExample : public VulkanExampleBase { public: bool displaySkybox = true; vks::Texture cubeMap; struct Meshes { vkglTF::Model skybox; std::vector objects; int32_t objectIndex = 0; } models; struct { vks::Buffer object; vks::Buffer skybox; } uniformBuffers; struct UBOVS { glm::mat4 projection; glm::mat4 modelView; glm::mat4 inverseModelview; float lodBias = 0.0f; } uboVS; struct { VkPipeline skybox; VkPipeline reflect; } pipelines; struct { VkDescriptorSet object; VkDescriptorSet skybox; } descriptorSets; VkPipelineLayout pipelineLayout; VkDescriptorSetLayout descriptorSetLayout; std::vector objectNames; VulkanExample() : VulkanExampleBase(ENABLE_VALIDATION) { title = "Cube map textures"; camera.type = Camera::CameraType::lookat; camera.setPosition(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -4.0f)); camera.setRotation(glm::vec3(0.0f)); camera.setRotationSpeed(0.25f); camera.setPerspective(60.0f, (float)width / (float)height, 0.1f, 256.0f); } ~VulkanExample() { // Clean up used Vulkan resources // Note : Inherited destructor cleans up resources stored in base class // Clean up texture resources vkDestroyImageView(device, cubeMap.view, nullptr); vkDestroyImage(device, cubeMap.image, nullptr); vkDestroySampler(device, cubeMap.sampler, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(device, cubeMap.deviceMemory, nullptr); vkDestroyPipeline(device, pipelines.skybox, nullptr); vkDestroyPipeline(device, pipelines.reflect, nullptr); vkDestroyPipelineLayout(device, pipelineLayout, nullptr); vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(device, descriptorSetLayout, nullptr); uniformBuffers.object.destroy(); uniformBuffers.skybox.destroy(); } // Enable physical device features required for this example virtual void getEnabledFeatures() { if (deviceFeatures.samplerAnisotropy) { enabledFeatures.samplerAnisotropy = VK_TRUE; } } void loadCubemap(std::string filename, VkFormat format, bool forceLinearTiling) { ktxResult result; ktxTexture* ktxTexture; #if defined(__ANDROID__) // Textures are stored inside the apk on Android (compressed) // So they need to be loaded via the asset manager AAsset* asset = AAssetManager_open(androidApp->activity->assetManager, filename.c_str(), AASSET_MODE_STREAMING); if (!asset) { vks::tools::exitFatal("Could not load texture from " + filename + "\n\nMake sure the assets submodule has been checked out and is up-to-date.", -1); } size_t size = AAsset_getLength(asset); assert(size > 0); ktx_uint8_t *textureData = new ktx_uint8_t[size]; AAsset_read(asset, textureData, size); AAsset_close(asset); result = ktxTexture_CreateFromMemory(textureData, size, KTX_TEXTURE_CREATE_LOAD_IMAGE_DATA_BIT, &ktxTexture); delete[] textureData; #else if (!vks::tools::fileExists(filename)) { vks::tools::exitFatal("Could not load texture from " + filename + "\n\nMake sure the assets submodule has been checked out and is up-to-date.", -1); } result = ktxTexture_CreateFromNamedFile(filename.c_str(), KTX_TEXTURE_CREATE_LOAD_IMAGE_DATA_BIT, &ktxTexture); #endif assert(result == KTX_SUCCESS); // Get properties required for using and upload texture data from the ktx texture object cubeMap.width = ktxTexture->baseWidth; cubeMap.height = ktxTexture->baseHeight; cubeMap.mipLevels = ktxTexture->numLevels; ktx_uint8_t *ktxTextureData = ktxTexture_GetData(ktxTexture); ktx_size_t ktxTextureSize = ktxTexture_GetSize(ktxTexture); VkMemoryAllocateInfo memAllocInfo = vks::initializers::memoryAllocateInfo(); VkMemoryRequirements memReqs; // Create a host-visible staging buffer that contains the raw image data VkBuffer stagingBuffer; VkDeviceMemory stagingMemory; VkBufferCreateInfo bufferCreateInfo = vks::initializers::bufferCreateInfo(); bufferCreateInfo.size = ktxTextureSize; // This buffer is used as a transfer source for the buffer copy bufferCreateInfo.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT; bufferCreateInfo.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE; VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateBuffer(device, &bufferCreateInfo, nullptr, &stagingBuffer)); // Get memory requirements for the staging buffer (alignment, memory type bits) vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(device, stagingBuffer, &memReqs); memAllocInfo.allocationSize = memReqs.size; // Get memory type index for a host visible buffer memAllocInfo.memoryTypeIndex = vulkanDevice->getMemoryType(memReqs.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT); VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateMemory(device, &memAllocInfo, nullptr, &stagingMemory)); VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkBindBufferMemory(device, stagingBuffer, stagingMemory, 0)); // Copy texture data into staging buffer uint8_t *data; VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkMapMemory(device, stagingMemory, 0, memReqs.size, 0, (void **)&data)); memcpy(data, ktxTextureData, ktxTextureSize); vkUnmapMemory(device, stagingMemory); // Create optimal tiled target image VkImageCreateInfo imageCreateInfo = vks::initializers::imageCreateInfo(); imageCreateInfo.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D; imageCreateInfo.format = format; imageCreateInfo.mipLevels = cubeMap.mipLevels; imageCreateInfo.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT; imageCreateInfo.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL; imageCreateInfo.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE; imageCreateInfo.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED; imageCreateInfo.extent = { cubeMap.width, cubeMap.height, 1 }; imageCreateInfo.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT; // Cube faces count as array layers in Vulkan imageCreateInfo.arrayLayers = 6; // This flag is required for cube map images imageCreateInfo.flags = VK_IMAGE_CREATE_CUBE_COMPATIBLE_BIT; VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateImage(device, &imageCreateInfo, nullptr, &cubeMap.image)); vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(device, cubeMap.image, &memReqs); memAllocInfo.allocationSize = memReqs.size; memAllocInfo.memoryTypeIndex = vulkanDevice->getMemoryType(memReqs.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT); VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateMemory(device, &memAllocInfo, nullptr, &cubeMap.deviceMemory)); VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkBindImageMemory(device, cubeMap.image, cubeMap.deviceMemory, 0)); VkCommandBuffer copyCmd = vulkanDevice->createCommandBuffer(VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY, true); // Setup buffer copy regions for each face including all of its miplevels std::vector bufferCopyRegions; uint32_t offset = 0; for (uint32_t face = 0; face < 6; face++) { for (uint32_t level = 0; level < cubeMap.mipLevels; level++) { // Calculate offset into staging buffer for the current mip level and face ktx_size_t offset; KTX_error_code ret = ktxTexture_GetImageOffset(ktxTexture, level, 0, face, &offset); assert(ret == KTX_SUCCESS); VkBufferImageCopy bufferCopyRegion = {}; bufferCopyRegion.imageSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT; bufferCopyRegion.imageSubresource.mipLevel = level; bufferCopyRegion.imageSubresource.baseArrayLayer = face; bufferCopyRegion.imageSubresource.layerCount = 1; bufferCopyRegion.imageExtent.width = ktxTexture->baseWidth >> level; bufferCopyRegion.imageExtent.height = ktxTexture->baseHeight >> level; bufferCopyRegion.imageExtent.depth = 1; bufferCopyRegion.bufferOffset = offset; bufferCopyRegions.push_back(bufferCopyRegion); } } // Image barrier for optimal image (target) // Set initial layout for all array layers (faces) of the optimal (target) tiled texture VkImageSubresourceRange subresourceRange = {}; subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT; subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = 0; subresourceRange.levelCount = cubeMap.mipLevels; subresourceRange.layerCount = 6; vks::tools::setImageLayout( copyCmd, cubeMap.image, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, subresourceRange); // Copy the cube map faces from the staging buffer to the optimal tiled image vkCmdCopyBufferToImage( copyCmd, stagingBuffer, cubeMap.image, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, static_cast(bufferCopyRegions.size()), bufferCopyRegions.data() ); // Change texture image layout to shader read after all faces have been copied cubeMap.imageLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL; vks::tools::setImageLayout( copyCmd, cubeMap.image, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, cubeMap.imageLayout, subresourceRange); vulkanDevice->flushCommandBuffer(copyCmd, queue, true); // Create sampler VkSamplerCreateInfo sampler = vks::initializers::samplerCreateInfo(); sampler.magFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR; sampler.minFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR; sampler.mipmapMode = VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_LINEAR; sampler.addressModeU = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE; sampler.addressModeV = sampler.addressModeU; sampler.addressModeW = sampler.addressModeU; sampler.mipLodBias = 0.0f; sampler.compareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_NEVER; sampler.minLod = 0.0f; sampler.maxLod = static_cast(cubeMap.mipLevels); sampler.borderColor = VK_BORDER_COLOR_FLOAT_OPAQUE_WHITE; sampler.maxAnisotropy = 1.0f; if (vulkanDevice->features.samplerAnisotropy) { sampler.maxAnisotropy = vulkanDevice->properties.limits.maxSamplerAnisotropy; sampler.anisotropyEnable = VK_TRUE; } VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateSampler(device, &sampler, nullptr, &cubeMap.sampler)); // Create image view VkImageViewCreateInfo view = vks::initializers::imageViewCreateInfo(); // Cube map view type view.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_CUBE; view.format = format; view.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 }; // 6 array layers (faces) view.subresourceRange.layerCount = 6; // Set number of mip levels view.subresourceRange.levelCount = cubeMap.mipLevels; view.image = cubeMap.image; VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateImageView(device, &view, nullptr, &cubeMap.view)); // Clean up staging resources vkFreeMemory(device, stagingMemory, nullptr); vkDestroyBuffer(device, stagingBuffer, nullptr); ktxTexture_Destroy(ktxTexture); } void buildCommandBuffers() { VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cmdBufInfo = vks::initializers::commandBufferBeginInfo(); VkClearValue clearValues[2]; clearValues[0].color = defaultClearColor; clearValues[1].depthStencil = { 1.0f, 0 }; VkRenderPassBeginInfo renderPassBeginInfo = vks::initializers::renderPassBeginInfo(); renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = renderPass; renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.offset.x = 0; renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.offset.y = 0; renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.extent.width = width; renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.extent.height = height; renderPassBeginInfo.clearValueCount = 2; renderPassBeginInfo.pClearValues = clearValues; for (int32_t i = 0; i < drawCmdBuffers.size(); ++i) { // Set target frame buffer renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = frameBuffers[i]; VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkBeginCommandBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], &cmdBufInfo)); vkCmdBeginRenderPass(drawCmdBuffers[i], &renderPassBeginInfo, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE); VkViewport viewport = vks::initializers::viewport((float)width, (float)height, 0.0f, 1.0f); vkCmdSetViewport(drawCmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &viewport); VkRect2D scissor = vks::initializers::rect2D(width, height, 0, 0); vkCmdSetScissor(drawCmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &scissor); // Skybox if (displaySkybox) { vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSets.skybox, 0, NULL); vkCmdBindPipeline(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelines.skybox); models.skybox.draw(drawCmdBuffers[i]); } // 3D object vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSets.object, 0, NULL); vkCmdBindPipeline(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelines.reflect); models.objects[models.objectIndex].draw(drawCmdBuffers[i]); drawUI(drawCmdBuffers[i]); vkCmdEndRenderPass(drawCmdBuffers[i]); VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkEndCommandBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i])); } } void loadAssets() { uint32_t glTFLoadingFlags = vkglTF::FileLoadingFlags::PreTransformVertices | vkglTF::FileLoadingFlags::FlipY; // Skybox models.skybox.loadFromFile(getAssetPath() + "models/cube.gltf", vulkanDevice, queue, glTFLoadingFlags); // Objects std::vector filenames = { "sphere.gltf", "teapot.gltf", "torusknot.gltf", "venus.gltf" }; objectNames = { "Sphere", "Teapot", "Torusknot", "Venus" }; models.objects.resize(filenames.size()); for (size_t i = 0; i < filenames.size(); i++) { models.objects[i].loadFromFile(getAssetPath() + "models/" + filenames[i], vulkanDevice, queue, glTFLoadingFlags); } // Cubemap texture const bool forceLinearTiling = false; loadCubemap(getAssetPath() + "textures/cubemap_yokohama_rgba.ktx", VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, forceLinearTiling); } void setupDescriptorPool() { std::vector poolSizes = { vks::initializers::descriptorPoolSize(VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 2), vks::initializers::descriptorPoolSize(VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 2) }; VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo descriptorPoolInfo = vks::initializers::descriptorPoolCreateInfo(poolSizes, 2); VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateDescriptorPool(device, &descriptorPoolInfo, nullptr, &descriptorPool)); } void setupDescriptorSetLayout() { std::vector setLayoutBindings = { // Binding 0 : Uniform buffer vks::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutBinding( VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT | VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT, 0), // Binding 1 : Fragment shader image sampler vks::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutBinding( VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT, 1) }; VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo descriptorLayout = vks::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo(setLayoutBindings); VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, &descriptorLayout, nullptr, &descriptorSetLayout)); VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo pPipelineLayoutCreateInfo = vks::initializers::pipelineLayoutCreateInfo( &descriptorSetLayout, 1); VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreatePipelineLayout(device, &pPipelineLayoutCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelineLayout)); } void setupDescriptorSets() { // Image descriptor for the cube map texture VkDescriptorImageInfo textureDescriptor = vks::initializers::descriptorImageInfo( cubeMap.sampler, cubeMap.view, cubeMap.imageLayout); VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo allocInfo = vks::initializers::descriptorSetAllocateInfo( descriptorPool, &descriptorSetLayout, 1); // 3D object descriptor set VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateDescriptorSets(device, &allocInfo, &descriptorSets.object)); std::vector writeDescriptorSets = { // Binding 0 : Vertex shader uniform buffer vks::initializers::writeDescriptorSet( descriptorSets.object, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 0, &uniformBuffers.object.descriptor), // Binding 1 : Fragment shader cubemap sampler vks::initializers::writeDescriptorSet( descriptorSets.object, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 1, &textureDescriptor) }; vkUpdateDescriptorSets(device, static_cast(writeDescriptorSets.size()), writeDescriptorSets.data(), 0, nullptr); // Sky box descriptor set VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkAllocateDescriptorSets(device, &allocInfo, &descriptorSets.skybox)); writeDescriptorSets = { // Binding 0 : Vertex shader uniform buffer vks::initializers::writeDescriptorSet( descriptorSets.skybox, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 0, &uniformBuffers.skybox.descriptor), // Binding 1 : Fragment shader cubemap sampler vks::initializers::writeDescriptorSet( descriptorSets.skybox, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 1, &textureDescriptor) }; vkUpdateDescriptorSets(device, static_cast(writeDescriptorSets.size()), writeDescriptorSets.data(), 0, nullptr); } void preparePipelines() { VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo inputAssemblyState = vks::initializers::pipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo(VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST, 0, VK_FALSE); VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rasterizationState = vks::initializers::pipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo(VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL, VK_CULL_MODE_BACK_BIT, VK_FRONT_FACE_COUNTER_CLOCKWISE, 0); VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState blendAttachmentState = vks::initializers::pipelineColorBlendAttachmentState(0xf, VK_FALSE); VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo colorBlendState = vks::initializers::pipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo(1, &blendAttachmentState); VkPipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo depthStencilState = vks::initializers::pipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo(VK_FALSE, VK_FALSE, VK_COMPARE_OP_LESS_OR_EQUAL); VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo viewportState = vks::initializers::pipelineViewportStateCreateInfo(1, 1, 0); VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisampleState = vks::initializers::pipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo(VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT, 0); std::vector dynamicStateEnables = { VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_VIEWPORT, VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_SCISSOR }; VkPipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo dynamicState = vks::initializers::pipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo(dynamicStateEnables); std::array shaderStages; VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipelineCI = vks::initializers::pipelineCreateInfo(pipelineLayout, renderPass, 0); pipelineCI.pInputAssemblyState = &inputAssemblyState; pipelineCI.pRasterizationState = &rasterizationState; pipelineCI.pColorBlendState = &colorBlendState; pipelineCI.pMultisampleState = &multisampleState; pipelineCI.pViewportState = &viewportState; pipelineCI.pDepthStencilState = &depthStencilState; pipelineCI.pDynamicState = &dynamicState; pipelineCI.stageCount = static_cast(shaderStages.size()); pipelineCI.pStages = shaderStages.data(); pipelineCI.pVertexInputState = vkglTF::Vertex::getPipelineVertexInputState({ vkglTF::VertexComponent::Position, vkglTF::VertexComponent::Normal }); // Skybox pipeline (background cube) shaderStages[0] = loadShader(getShadersPath() + "texturecubemap/skybox.vert.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT); shaderStages[1] = loadShader(getShadersPath() + "texturecubemap/skybox.frag.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT); rasterizationState.cullMode = VK_CULL_MODE_FRONT_BIT; VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, pipelineCache, 1, &pipelineCI, nullptr, &pipelines.skybox)); // Cube map reflect pipeline shaderStages[0] = loadShader(getShadersPath() + "texturecubemap/reflect.vert.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT); shaderStages[1] = loadShader(getShadersPath() + "texturecubemap/reflect.frag.spv", VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT); // Enable depth test and write depthStencilState.depthWriteEnable = VK_TRUE; depthStencilState.depthTestEnable = VK_TRUE; rasterizationState.cullMode = VK_CULL_MODE_BACK_BIT; VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, pipelineCache, 1, &pipelineCI, nullptr, &pipelines.reflect)); } // Prepare and initialize uniform buffer containing shader uniforms void prepareUniformBuffers() { // Object vertex shader uniform buffer VK_CHECK_RESULT(vulkanDevice->createBuffer( VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT, &uniformBuffers.object, sizeof(uboVS))); // Skybox vertex shader uniform buffer VK_CHECK_RESULT(vulkanDevice->createBuffer( VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT, &uniformBuffers.skybox, sizeof(uboVS))); // Map persistent VK_CHECK_RESULT(uniformBuffers.object.map()); VK_CHECK_RESULT(uniformBuffers.skybox.map()); updateUniformBuffers(); } void updateUniformBuffers() { // 3D object uboVS.projection = camera.matrices.perspective; uboVS.modelView = camera.matrices.view; uboVS.inverseModelview = glm::inverse(camera.matrices.view); memcpy(uniformBuffers.object.mapped, &uboVS, sizeof(uboVS)); // Skybox uboVS.modelView = camera.matrices.view; // Cancel out translation uboVS.modelView[3] = glm::vec4(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); memcpy(uniformBuffers.skybox.mapped, &uboVS, sizeof(uboVS)); } void draw() { VulkanExampleBase::prepareFrame(); submitInfo.commandBufferCount = 1; submitInfo.pCommandBuffers = &drawCmdBuffers[currentBuffer]; VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkQueueSubmit(queue, 1, &submitInfo, VK_NULL_HANDLE)); VulkanExampleBase::submitFrame(); } void prepare() { VulkanExampleBase::prepare(); loadAssets(); prepareUniformBuffers(); setupDescriptorSetLayout(); preparePipelines(); setupDescriptorPool(); setupDescriptorSets(); buildCommandBuffers(); prepared = true; } virtual void render() { if (!prepared) return; draw(); } virtual void viewChanged() { updateUniformBuffers(); } virtual void OnUpdateUIOverlay(vks::UIOverlay *overlay) { if (overlay->header("Settings")) { if (overlay->sliderFloat("LOD bias", &uboVS.lodBias, 0.0f, (float)cubeMap.mipLevels)) { updateUniformBuffers(); } if (overlay->comboBox("Object type", &models.objectIndex, objectNames)) { buildCommandBuffers(); } if (overlay->checkBox("Skybox", &displaySkybox)) { buildCommandBuffers(); } } } }; VULKAN_EXAMPLE_MAIN()